๐Ÿ“š ์„ค๊ณ„ 6์ข… ๋น„๊ต (์–ด๋А ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ์–ด๋А ์‹์„ ์ผ๊ณ , ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜ˆ์ œ์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”์ง€)๐Ÿ  SJ Tech ํ™ˆ๐Ÿ“ง strustar@konyang.ac.kr๋‹ซ๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ์„ค๊ณ„, ๊ธฐ์ค€ 6์ข… ๋น„๊ต (์กฐํ•ญ, ์‹, ์›๋ฌธ, ๊ณ„์‚ฐ)

์กฐํ•ญ ํด๋ฆญ โ†’ ์›๋ฌธ PDF ๊ทธ ์ชฝ์‹ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธโ†— ์ฐธ์กฐ ์กฐํ•ญํŒŒ๋ž€ ๋ธ”๋ก = ์˜ˆ์ œ ๊ฐ’ ๋Œ€์ž… ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์ ์„  ์นด๋“œ = ์ฐธ๊ณ ์šฉ(๋น„๊ต ์—ด ์•„๋‹˜)
RCKDS 14 20 30์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ (2021)๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€, KCSC ๋ฌด๋ฃŒRCKDS 14 20 20์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ตฌ์กฐ ํœจ, ์••์ถ• ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ (2022)๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€, KCSC ๋ฌด๋ฃŒRCKDS 14 20 10์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ•ด์„, ์„ค๊ณ„ ์›์น™ (2021)๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€, KCSC ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ, ์ฐธ์กฐFRPKDS 14 20 68GFRP ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ (2024)๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€, KCSC ๋ฌด๋ฃŒFRPKDS 24 50 05GFRP ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ (2024)๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€, KCSC ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ์ฐธ๊ณ KCS 24 50 05GFRP ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ต ์‹œ๊ณต ์‹œ๋ฐฉ (2024)๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€, KCSC ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ, ์‹œ๊ณต ์‹œ๋ฐฉ์„œ์ฐธ๊ณ KDS 14 20 68 ๋ถ€๋กGFRP ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ, ํ’ˆ์งˆ ์‹œ๋ฐฉ ์—ญํ•  (2024)KDS 14 20 68 : 2024 ๋ฐœ์ทŒ, ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ์—์„œ KCS ์ด๊ด€ ์˜ˆ์ •์ฐธ๊ณ KEC ์ž ์ •์ง€์นจ 2022๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ GFRP ์ž ์ • ์„ค๊ณ„, ์‹œ๊ณต์ง€์นจ (2022)ํ•œ๊ตญ๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ, ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์‹ค๋ฌด์ง€์นจ(๋ณด์œ  ์ž๋ฃŒ, ๋น„๊ณต๊ฐœ)FRP ํ•ด์™ธACI 440.1R-15FRP ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์„ค๊ณ„, ์‹œ๊ณต ์ง€์นจ (2015)ACI, ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ(๋กœ์ปฌ ์—ด๋žŒ), ํŒŒ์ผ ์—†์Œ(๊ณต์‹ ๋งํฌ)FRP ํ•ด์™ธACI 440.11-22GFRP ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์„ค๊ณ„์ฝ”๋“œ (2022)ACI, ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ(๋กœ์ปฌ ์—ด๋žŒ), ์Šค์บ”๋ณธ, ํŒŒ์ผ ์—†์Œ(๊ณต์‹ ๋งํฌ)FRP ํ•ด์™ธAASHTO-2018GFRP ๋ณด๊ฐ• ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„์ง€์นจ 2ํŒ (2018)AASHTO, ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ(๋กœ์ปฌ ์—ด๋žŒ), ์Šค์บ”๋ณธ, ํŒŒ์ผ ์—†์Œ(๊ณต์‹ ๋งํฌ)
โš  ์–ด๋–ค ์›๋ฌธ์ด ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ (๊ธฐ์ค€๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฆ„)
KDS, KCS (๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€ ๊ณ ์‹œ)  โ†’  ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์—ด๋žŒ. ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ๋ฒ• ์ œ7์กฐ ๋น„๋ณดํ˜ธ ์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์ค€์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ.
ACI, AASHTO (ํ•ด์™ธ ๊ธฐ์ค€)  โ†’  ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ผ ์ด PC์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์—ด๋žŒ. ๋งํฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋ฐœํ–‰์ฒ˜ ๊ณต์‹ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋จ.
๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ ์ง€์นจ  โ†’  ๋ฐœ์ฃผ์ฒ˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ผ ๋น„๊ณต๊ฐœ. ์กฐํ•ญ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ์™€ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋งŒ ํ‘œ์— ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ ์ ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
์›๋ฌธ PDF๋Š” ์›จ์ผ, ํฌ๋กฌ์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ์ชฝ๊ณผ ์œ„์น˜๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•จ.
๐Ÿงฎ ์˜ˆ์ œ ๊ฐ’$b$ = 400 mm, $h$ = 600 mm, $d$ = 509 mm, $f_{ck}$ = 30 MPa, $A$ = 3,040 mmยฒ, $d_b$ = 25.4 mm, $M_s$ = 120 kNยทm, $L$ = 6 m
๐Ÿ“Š ๊ธฐ์ค€ 6์ข… ๋น„๊ต ์ฐจํŠธ (๊ฐ™์€ ์˜ˆ์ œ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ณ„ ๊ฐ’)
๋…ธ๋ž€ ํ…Œ๋‘๋ฆฌ = ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ณ ๋ฅธ FRP ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ถ‰์€ ์ ์„  = ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ถ‰์€ ์งง์€ ์„  + ์ˆซ์ž = ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋งŒ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„
์•ฝ์นญ KDS 14 = KDS 14 20 68 (๊ฑด์ถ•, ์ผ๋ฐ˜), KDS 24 = KDS 24 50 05 (๊ต๋Ÿ‰), ACI 15 = ACI 440.1R-15, ACI 22 = ACI 440.11-22, AASHTO = AASHTO GFRP ๋ณด๊ฐ• ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„์ง€์นจ 2ํŒ (2018)
์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ  (๊ฐ’/ํ•œ๊ณ„)- - ์ ์„ : 1.0 = ํ•œ๊ณ„๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ1.0 ์ดํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งŒ์กฑ0.23RC0.58KDS 140.58KDS 240.75ACI 150.58ACI 220.59AASHTO์žฅ๊ธฐ ํ•ฉ๊ณ„ ์ฒ˜์ง [mm]- - ์ ์„ : L/240 = 25.0 mmํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„, ๊ฑด์กฐ์ˆ˜์ถ•๊นŒ์ง€ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ตœ์ข… ์ฒ˜์ง5.8RC12.4KDS 149.4KDS 249.8ACI 1512.7ACI 2213.7AASHTOํ™œํ•˜์ค‘ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ฒ˜์ง [mm]- - ์ ์„ : L/360 = 16.7 mmํ™œํ•˜์ค‘์„ ์–น์€ ์งํ›„์˜ ์ฒ˜์ง์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ฐ, ๋น„๊ตฌ์กฐ์žฌ ์†์ƒ1.46RC4.41KDS 143.36KDS 243.51ACI 154.54ACI 223.42AASHTO๊ท ์—ด ์ œ์–ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ํ•œ๊ณ„ smax [mm]- - ์ ์„ : ์‹ค์ œ s = 134 mm๊ท ์—ดํญ์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๊ฐ’ ์ดํ•˜๋กœ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ์ œํ•œ950RC231KDS 14230KDS 24178ACI 15230ACI 22229AASHTO๋ง‰๋Œ€(๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ํ•œ๊ณ„)๊ฐ€ ์ ์„ (์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ) ์œ„๋ฉด OK์‚ฌ์šฉ์‘๋ ฅ [MPa] (RC fs, FRP ffs)๋ถ‰์€ ์งง์€ ์„  = ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ „์ฒด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‘๋ ฅํ•œ๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ท ์—ดํญ์„ ์žก๋Š” ์‘๋ ฅ, ํ”ผ๋ณต ์ œํ•œ88ํ•œ๊ณ„ ์—†์ŒRC83168KDS 1483163KDS 2483140ACI 1583168ACI 2283162AASHTO๋ถ‰์€ ์งง์€ ์„  = ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ์‘๋ ฅ, ํ”ผ๋ณต ์ œํ•œRC ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๊ทœ์ • ์—†์Œ(๊ท ์—ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ด)์ง€์† ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‘๋ ฅ ffs,sus [MPa]๋ถ‰์€ ์งง์€ ์„  = ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ง€์†ํ•˜์ค‘๋ถ„๋งŒ์˜ ์‘๋ ฅ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋ฒ„ํ‹ฐ๋ฉด ๋Š์–ด์ง€๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŒŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„ํ•ด๋‹น ์—†์ŒRC50255KDS 1450240KDS 2450160ACI 1550255ACI 2250240AASHTO๋ถ‰์€ ์งง์€ ์„  = ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ํŒŒ๊ดด ํ•œ๊ณ„ (KDS, ACI 440.11,AASHTO = 0.30ffu / ACI 440.1R-15 = 0.20ffu , RC ํ•ด๋‹น ์—†์Œ)ํ•œ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ Ms,max [kNยทm]- - ์ ์„ : ํ˜„์žฌ Ms = 120 kNยทm์ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ„ํ‹ฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ368RC164KDS 14163KDS 24140ACI 15163ACI 22159AASHTO๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ Ms (์ด๋ถ„๋ฒ•)๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ ์„  ์œ„๋ฉด ์—ฌ์œ  ์žˆ์Œ๊ท ์—ด๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ Mcr [kNยทm]- - ์ ์„ : ํ˜„์žฌ Ms = 120 kNยทm์ด ๊ฐ’์„ ๋„˜์œผ๋ฉด ๋‹จ๋ฉด์ด ๊ฐˆ๋ผ์ ธ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง82.8RC82.8KDS 1482.8KDS 2481.5ACI 1581.5ACI 2282.8AASHTO๋ง‰๋Œ€(Mcr)๊ฐ€ ์ ์„ (Ms) ์•„๋ž˜๋ฉด ๊ท ์—ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† KDS 14 20 68์€ 0.8Mcr ๊ธฐ์ค€์œ ํšจ๋‹จ๋ฉด2์ฐจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋น„ Ie/Igํ•œ๊ณ„ ์—†์Œ (1.0 = ๋น„๊ท ์—ด, ์ž‘์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ฐ•์„ฑ ์ €ํ•˜)๊ฐˆ๋ผ์ง„ ๋’ค ๋‚จ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ฑ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ0.62RC0.21KDS 140.27KDS 240.28ACI 150.21ACI 220.28AASHTO
๐Ÿ’ก ์ˆซ์ž์—์„œ ์ฝํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ (ํŽผ์น˜๊ธฐ)
์ฒ˜์ง๊ฐ€์žฅ ํผ AASHTO 13.7 mm (RC 5.8 mm์˜ 2.4๋ฐฐ), ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์Œ KDS 24 9.4 mm
๊ท ์—ด ์ œ์–ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉRC 950 mm, FRP 178โ€“231 mm โ†’ ์‹ค์ œ 134 mm๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ OK
ํ•œ๊ณ„์‘๋ ฅ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์—„๊ฒฉ ACI 15 140 MPa, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋А์Šจ KDS 14 168 MPa; ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋Š” ACI 15๋งŒ 0.20$f_{fu}$ (๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 0.30$f_{fu}$)
์—ฌ์œ ํ˜„์žฌ $M_s$ = 120 kNยทm โ†’ RC 368 kNยทm (3.1๋ฐฐ, ๋จผ์ € ๊ฑธ๋ฆผ: ์žฅ๊ธฐ ํ•ฉ๊ณ„ ์ฒ˜์ง), KDS 14 164 kNยทm (1.4๋ฐฐ, ๋จผ์ € ๊ฑธ๋ฆผ: ๊ท ์—ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ)
ํ•ญ๋ชฉRC (KDS 14 20 30, 14 20 20)KDS 14 20 68KDS 24 50 05ACI 440.1R-15ACI 440.11-22AASHTO GFRP 2018
์˜ˆ์ œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
$M_s = 120$ kNยทm
$\text{์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ } = \boxed{\mathbf{0.23}\ \text{}}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}$
์ง€๋ฐฐ: ์žฅ๊ธฐ ํ•ฉ๊ณ„ ์ฒ˜์ง
$\Delta_L = 1.46,\ \Delta_{L}+\Delta_{lt} = \mathbf{5.83}$ mm
$\text{์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ } = \boxed{\mathbf{0.58}\ \text{}}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}$
์ง€๋ฐฐ: ๊ท ์—ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ
$\Delta_L = 4.41,\ \Delta_{L}+\Delta_{lt} = \mathbf{12.35}$ mm
$\text{์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ } = \boxed{\mathbf{0.58}\ \text{}}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}$
์ง€๋ฐฐ: ๊ท ์—ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ
$\Delta_L = 3.36,\ \Delta_{L}+\Delta_{lt} = \mathbf{9.40}$ mm
$\text{์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ } = \boxed{\mathbf{0.75}\ \text{}}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}$
์ง€๋ฐฐ: ๊ท ์—ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ
$\Delta_L = 3.51,\ \Delta_{L}+\Delta_{lt} = \mathbf{9.83}$ mm
$\text{์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ } = \boxed{\mathbf{0.58}\ \text{}}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}$
์ง€๋ฐฐ: ๊ท ์—ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ
$\Delta_L = 4.54,\ \Delta_{L}+\Delta_{lt} = \mathbf{12.71}$ mm
$\text{์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ } = \boxed{\mathbf{0.59}\ \text{}}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}$
์ง€๋ฐฐ: ๊ท ์—ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ
$\Delta_L = 3.42,\ \Delta_{L}+\Delta_{lt} = \mathbf{13.69}$ mm
๊ฒ€ํ†  ํ•ญ๋ชฉ, ํ•œ๊ณ„
$$ \Delta_L\le\frac{L}{360},\quad \Delta_L+\Delta_{lt}\le\frac{L}{240} $$
์ฒ˜์ง ํ•œ๊ณ„ = ํ‘œ 4.2-2 (์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ๋ฐ”์—์„œ ์„ ํƒ)
๊ท ์—ด = KDS 14 20 20 4.2.3 ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ์ œํ•œ
๋™ํ•˜์ค‘ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ $L$/800 (4.2.1(7))
$$ s\le s_{max},\ \ f_{fs}\le f_{fs,lim},\ \ \Delta\le\Delta_{lim},\ \ f_{fs,sus}\le0.30f_{fu} $$
์ฒ˜์ง ํ•œ๊ณ„ 4.4.2.1(2) โ†’ KDS 14 20 30 ํ‘œ 4.2-2 ์ค€์šฉ
$$ s\le s_{max},\ \ d_c\le d_{c,lim},\ \ \Delta\le\Delta_{lim},\ \ f_{fs,sus}\le0.30f_{fu} $$
๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ญ๋ชฉ = ๊ท ์—ด
์ฒ˜์ง
์‘๋ ฅ ์ œํ•œ (5.5.1(1))
์ฒ˜์ง ํ•œ๊ณ„ 5.5.3.4(2) โ†’ KDS 14 20 30 4.2(7)
ํ‘œ 4.2-2 (๋ฐœ์ฃผ์ž ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ)
$$ s\le s_{max},\ \ d_c\le d_{c,lim},\ \ \Delta\le\Delta_{lim},\ \ f_{fs,sus}\le0.20f_{fu} $$
์ฒ˜์ง ํ•œ๊ณ„ = ACI 318 Table 9.5(b) (์•ฑ: KDS 14 20 30 ํ‘œ 4.2-2์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ’)
$$ \Delta\le\text{Table 24.2.2},\ \ s\le s_{max},\ \ f_{fs}\le f_{fs,lim},\ \ f_{fs,sus}\le0.30f_{fu} $$
ํ‘œ 24.2.2 = โ„“/180
360
480
240 (ACI 318 ๋™์ผ)
$$ s\le s_{max},\ \ d_c\le d_{c,lim},\ \ \Delta\le\Delta_{lim},\ \ f_{f,s}\le C_c f_{fd} $$
์ฒ˜์ง ํ•œ๊ณ„ = AASHTO LRFD 2.5.2.6.2 (์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ $L$/800
๋ณด๋„ $L$/1000
๋ฐœ์ฃผ์ž ์„ ํƒ)
์•ฑ์€ KDS ํ‘œ 4.2-2 ๊ฐ’ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
๊ท ์—ด๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ
$M_{cr}$, $f_r$
4.2.1(3) (4.2-2)(4.2-3)
$$ M_{cr}=\frac{f_r I_g}{y_t},\quad f_r=0.63\lambda\sqrt{f_{ck}} $$
$$\begin{aligned}f_r &= 0.63\sqrt{30} = 3.45\ \text{MPa} \\ I_g &= \tfrac{400\times600^3}{12} = 7{,}200\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ M_{cr} &= \frac{f_r I_g}{y_t} = \frac{3.45\times7{,}200\times10^6}{300} = \boxed{\mathbf{82.8}\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m}} \\ M_s &= 120\ >\ M_{cr} = 82.8\ \to\ \text{๊ท ์—ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด โ†’ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ฒ€ํ† }\end{aligned}$$
4.4.2.2(4) (4.4-5)(4.4-6)
$$ M_{cr}=\frac{f_r I_g}{y_t},\quad f_r=0.63\sqrt{f_{ck}} $$
๊ท ์—ด ํŒ์ •์€ $M_a>0.8M_{cr}$ (4.4-3)
$$\begin{aligned}f_r &= 0.63\sqrt{30} = 3.45\ \text{MPa} \\ I_g &= \tfrac{400\times600^3}{12} = 7{,}200\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ M_{cr} &= \frac{f_r I_g}{y_t} = \frac{3.45\times7{,}200\times10^6}{300} = \boxed{\mathbf{82.8}\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m}} \\ M_s &= 120\ >\ 0.8M_{cr} = 66.3\ \to\ \text{๊ท ์—ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด โ†’ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ฒ€ํ† }\end{aligned}$$
5.5.3.3(3) (5.5-5)
$$ M_{cr}=\frac{0.63\lambda\sqrt{f_{ck}}\,I_g}{y_t} $$
$$\begin{aligned}f_r &= 0.63\sqrt{30} = 3.45\ \text{MPa} \\ I_g &= \tfrac{400\times600^3}{12} = 7{,}200\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ M_{cr} &= \frac{f_r I_g}{y_t} = \frac{3.45\times7{,}200\times10^6}{300} = \boxed{\mathbf{82.8}\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m}} \\ M_s &= 120\ >\ M_{cr} = 82.8\ \to\ \text{๊ท ์—ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด โ†’ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ฒ€ํ† }\end{aligned}$$
7.3.2.2 (7.3.2.2d)
$$ M_{cr}=\frac{7.5\lambda\sqrt{f'_c}\,I_g}{y_t}\ [\text{psi}]=\frac{0.62\lambda\sqrt{f_{ck}}\,I_g}{y_t}\ [\text{SI}] $$
$$\begin{aligned}f_r &= 0.62\sqrt{30} = 3.40\ \text{MPa} \\ I_g &= \tfrac{400\times600^3}{12} = 7{,}200\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ M_{cr} &= \frac{f_r I_g}{y_t} = \frac{3.40\times7{,}200\times10^6}{300} = \boxed{\mathbf{81.5}\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m}} \\ M_s &= 120\ >\ M_{cr} = 81.5\ \to\ \text{๊ท ์—ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด โ†’ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ฒ€ํ† }\end{aligned}$$
24.2.3.5, 19.2.3 (24.2.3.5a)
$$ M_{cr}=\frac{f_r I_g}{y_t},\quad f_r=7.5\lambda\sqrt{f'_c}\ [\text{psi}]=0.62\lambda\sqrt{f_{ck}} $$
๊ท ์—ด ํŒ์ • $M_a>0.8M_{cr}$ (ํ‘œ 24.2.3.5)
$$\begin{aligned}f_r &= 0.62\sqrt{30} = 3.40\ \text{MPa} \\ I_g &= \tfrac{400\times600^3}{12} = 7{,}200\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ M_{cr} &= \frac{f_r I_g}{y_t} = \frac{3.40\times7{,}200\times10^6}{300} = \boxed{\mathbf{81.5}\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m}} \\ M_s &= 120\ >\ 0.8M_{cr} = 65.2\ \to\ \text{๊ท ์—ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด โ†’ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ฒ€ํ† }\end{aligned}$$
2.6.3.4.2 (2.6.3.4.2-2)
$$ M_{cr}=\frac{f_r I_g}{y_t},\quad f_r=0.24\sqrt{f'_c}\ [\text{ksi}]=0.63\sqrt{f_{ck}} $$
$f_r$ = AASHTO LRFD 5.4.2.6
2026-08-30 ์›๋ฌธ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋กœ 0.62โ†’0.63 ์ˆ˜์ •
$$\begin{aligned}f_r &= 0.63\sqrt{30} = 3.45\ \text{MPa} \\ I_g &= \tfrac{400\times600^3}{12} = 7{,}200\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ M_{cr} &= \frac{f_r I_g}{y_t} = \frac{3.45\times7{,}200\times10^6}{300} = \boxed{\mathbf{82.8}\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m}} \\ M_s &= 120\ >\ M_{cr} = 82.8\ \to\ \text{๊ท ์—ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด โ†’ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ฒ€ํ† }\end{aligned}$$
์‚ฌ์šฉ์‘๋ ฅ ์‚ฐ์ •
$k$, $I_{cr}$, RC $f_s$, FRP $f_{fs}$
$$ f_s=\frac{M_s\,n\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}}\ (\text{ํƒ„์„ฑ ๊ท ์—ด๋‹จ๋ฉด})\quad\text{๋˜๋Š”}\quad f_s\approx\tfrac{2}{3}f_y $$
$k=\sqrt{2\rho n+(\rho n)^2}-\rho n$
$I_{cr}=\tfrac{bd^3}{3}k^3+nA_s\,d^2(1-k)^2$ (์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ๋ฐ”์—์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ / ํ•ญ๋ณต๊ฐ•๋„์˜ 2/3 ์„ ํƒ)
$$\begin{aligned}E_c &= 27.5\ \text{GPa} \\ n &= E/E_c = 200{,}000/27{,}537 = 7.26 \\ \rho &= \frac{A}{bd} = \frac{3{,}040}{400\times509} = 0.0149 \\ k &= \sqrt{2\rho n+(\rho n)^2}-\rho n = 0.370 \\ I_{cr} &= \tfrac{bd^3}{3}k^3 + nAd^2(1-k)^2 = 3{,}161\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ f_{s} &= \frac{M_s\,n\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \frac{120\times10^6\times7.26\times509\times(1-0.370)}{3{,}161\times10^6} = \boxed{\mathbf{88}\ \text{MPa}}\end{aligned}$$
4.4.1.1(1), 4.4.3 (4.4-9)
$$ f_{fs}=M_s\frac{n_f d(1-k_{cr})}{I_{cr}} $$
์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ $M_s$์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ ๊ท ์—ด ๋‹จ๋ฉด ํ•ด์„ (์‹์€ (4.4-9)์˜ $M_{s,sus}\to M_s$)
$$\begin{aligned}E_c &= 27.5\ \text{GPa} \\ n &= E/E_c = 45{,}000/27{,}537 = 1.63 \\ \rho &= \frac{A}{bd} = \frac{3{,}040}{400\times509} = 0.0149 \\ k &= \sqrt{2\rho n+(\rho n)^2}-\rho n = 0.198 \\ I_{cr} &= \tfrac{bd^3}{3}k^3 + nAd^2(1-k)^2 = 964\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ f_{fs} &= \frac{M_s\,n\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \frac{120\times10^6\times1.63\times509\times(1-0.198)}{964\times10^6} = \boxed{\mathbf{83}\ \text{MPa}}\end{aligned}$$
4.3(2) (4.3-2)(4.3-3)(4.3-4)
$$ f_{fs}=M_s\frac{n_f d(1-k)}{I_{cr}},\quad I_{cr}=\frac{bd^3}{3}k^3+n_f A_f d^2(1-k)^2,\quad k=\sqrt{2\rho_f n_f+(\rho_f n_f)^2}-\rho_f n_f $$
$$\begin{aligned}E_c &= 27.5\ \text{GPa} \\ n &= E/E_c = 45{,}000/27{,}537 = 1.63 \\ \rho &= \frac{A}{bd} = \frac{3{,}040}{400\times509} = 0.0149 \\ k &= \sqrt{2\rho n+(\rho n)^2}-\rho n = 0.198 \\ I_{cr} &= \tfrac{bd^3}{3}k^3 + nAd^2(1-k)^2 = 964\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ f_{fs} &= \frac{M_s\,n\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \frac{120\times10^6\times1.63\times509\times(1-0.198)}{964\times10^6} = \boxed{\mathbf{83}\ \text{MPa}}\end{aligned}$$
7.3.2.2, 7.4.1 (7.3.2.2a)(7.3.2.2b)(7.4.1)
$$ I_{cr}=\frac{bd^3}{3}k^3+n_f A_f d^2(1-k)^2,\quad k=\sqrt{2\rho_f n_f+(\rho_f n_f)^2}-\rho_f n_f,\quad f_{fs}=M_s\frac{n_f d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} $$
$$\begin{aligned}E_c &= 25.7\ \text{GPa} \\ n &= E/E_c = 45{,}000/25{,}743 = 1.75 \\ \rho &= \frac{A}{bd} = \frac{3{,}040}{400\times509} = 0.0149 \\ k &= \sqrt{2\rho n+(\rho n)^2}-\rho n = 0.204 \\ I_{cr} &= \tfrac{bd^3}{3}k^3 + nAd^2(1-k)^2 = 1{,}022\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ f_{fs} &= \frac{M_s\,n\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \frac{120\times10^6\times1.75\times509\times(1-0.204)}{1{,}022\times10^6} = \boxed{\mathbf{83}\ \text{MPa}}\end{aligned}$$
$$ f_{fs}=\frac{n_f d(1-k_{cr})}{I_{cr}}M_s $$
ํƒ„์„ฑ ๊ท ์—ด๋‹จ๋ฉด ํ•ด์„ (๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ $M_s$)
$$\begin{aligned}E_c &= 25.7\ \text{GPa} \\ n &= E/E_c = 45{,}000/25{,}743 = 1.75 \\ \rho &= \frac{A}{bd} = \frac{3{,}040}{400\times509} = 0.0149 \\ k &= \sqrt{2\rho n+(\rho n)^2}-\rho n = 0.204 \\ I_{cr} &= \tfrac{bd^3}{3}k^3 + nAd^2(1-k)^2 = 1{,}022\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ f_{fs} &= \frac{M_s\,n\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \frac{120\times10^6\times1.75\times509\times(1-0.204)}{1{,}022\times10^6} = \boxed{\mathbf{83}\ \text{MPa}}\end{aligned}$$
2.5.3 (2.5.3-2)(2.5.3-3)(2.5.3-4)
$$ f_{f,s}=\frac{n_f d(1-k)}{I_{cr}}M_s,\quad I_{cr}=\frac{bd^3}{3}k^3+n_f A_f(d-kd)^2 $$
$$\begin{aligned}E_c &= 25.7\ \text{GPa} \\ n &= E/E_c = 45{,}000/25{,}743 = 1.75 \\ \rho &= \frac{A}{bd} = \frac{3{,}040}{400\times509} = 0.0149 \\ k &= \sqrt{2\rho n+(\rho n)^2}-\rho n = 0.204 \\ I_{cr} &= \tfrac{bd^3}{3}k^3 + nAd^2(1-k)^2 = 1{,}022\times10^6\ \text{mm}^4 \\ f_{fs} &= \frac{M_s\,n\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \frac{120\times10^6\times1.75\times509\times(1-0.204)}{1{,}022\times10^6} = \boxed{\mathbf{83}\ \text{MPa}}\end{aligned}$$
๊ท ์—ด ์ œ์–ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ
$s_{max}$
4.2.3(4) (4.2-3)(4.2-4)
$$ s=375\frac{\kappa_{cr}}{f_s}-2.5c_c,\qquad s=300\frac{\kappa_{cr}}{f_s}\ \ \text{์ค‘ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ’} $$
$\kappa_{cr}$ = 280(๊ฑด์กฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ) / 210(๊ทธ ์™ธ)
$c_c$ = ์ฒ ๊ทผ ํ‘œ๋ฉดโ€“์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์ตœ์†Œ ๋‘๊ป˜
์ฒ ๊ทผ 1๋ณธ์ด๋ฉด ์ธ์žฅ์—ฐ๋‹จ ํญ์„ $s$๋กœ
$$\begin{aligned}s_1 &= 375\frac{\kappa_{cr}}{f_s}-2.5c_c = 375\times\frac{280}{88}-2.5\times53 = 1{,}055 \\ s_2 &= 300\frac{\kappa_{cr}}{f_s} = 300\times\frac{280}{88} = 950 \\ s_{max} &= \min(s_1,\,s_2) = \boxed{\mathbf{950}\ \text{mm}} \\ s &= \frac{b-2c_c-d_b}{n-1} = \frac{400-2\times53-25.4}{3-1} = 134\ \le\ s_{max}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
4.4.1.1(1) (4.4-1)
$$ s_{max}=1.15\frac{E_f w_a}{f_{fs}k_b}-2.5c_c\ \le\ 0.94\frac{E_f w_a}{f_{fs}k_b} $$
$w_a$ = 0.7 mm (๋ณ„๋„ ๊ทœ์ • ์—†์„ ๋•Œ)
์ƒํ•œ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ 0.94 (ACI 0.92์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„)
1๋ณธ์ด๋ฉด ์ธ์žฅ์—ฐ๋‹จ ํญ (4)
$$\begin{aligned}\frac{E_fw}{f_{fs}k_b} &= \frac{45{,}000\times0.7}{83\times1.20} = 316.2 \\ s_1 &= 1.15\times316.2-2.5\times53 = 231 \\ s_2 &= 0.94\times316.2 = 297 \\ s_{max} &= \min(s_1,\,s_2) = \boxed{\mathbf{231}\ \text{mm}} \\ s &= \frac{b-2c_c-d_b}{n-1} = \frac{400-2\times53-25.4}{3-1} = 134\ \le\ s_{max}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
5.5.2(3) (5.5-1)
$$ s_{max}=1.15\frac{C_b E_f w}{f_{fs}}-2.5c_c\ \le\ 0.92\frac{C_b E_f w}{f_{fs}} $$
$w$ = 0.7 mm (5.5.2(2))
$C_b$ = 0.83 โ‰ก $1/k_b$
$$\begin{aligned}\frac{C_b\,E_f w}{f_{fs}} &= \frac{0.83\times45{,}000\times0.7}{83} = 314.9 \\ s_1 &= 1.15\times314.9-2.5\times53 = 230 \\ s_2 &= 0.92\times314.9 = 290 \\ s_{max} &= \min(s_1,\,s_2) = \boxed{\mathbf{230}\ \text{mm}} \\ s &= \frac{b-2c_c-d_b}{n-1} = \frac{400-2\times53-25.4}{3-1} = 134\ \le\ s_{max}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
7.3.1 (7.3.1a)
$$ s_{max}=1.15\frac{E_f w}{f_{fs}k_b}-2.5c_c\ \le\ 0.92\frac{E_f w}{f_{fs}k_b} $$
$w$ = 0.4โ€“0.7 mm (๋ฏธ๊ด€ ๊ธฐ์ค€) ์„ค๊ณ„์ž ์„ ํƒ
$$\begin{aligned}\frac{E_fw}{f_{fs}k_b} &= \frac{45{,}000\times0.7}{83\times1.40} = 270.4 \\ s_1 &= 1.15\times270.4-2.5\times53 = 178 \\ s_2 &= 0.92\times270.4 = 249 \\ s_{max} &= \min(s_1,\,s_2) = \boxed{\mathbf{178}\ \text{mm}} \\ s &= \frac{b-2c_c-d_b}{n-1} = \frac{400-2\times53-25.4}{3-1} = 134\ \le\ s_{max}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
24.3.2 (24.3.2a)(24.3.2b)
$$ s\le\frac{0.032E_f}{f_{fs}k_b}-2.5c_c,\qquad s\le0.026\frac{E_f}{f_{fs}k_b}\ [\text{in}] $$
$w$ = 0.028 in(0.71 mm) ๊ณ ์ •: $1.15w=0.032,\ 0.92w=0.026$
1๋ณธ์ด๋ฉด ์ธ์žฅ์—ฐ๋‹จ ํญ (24.3.3)
$$\begin{aligned}\frac{E_fw}{f_{fs}k_b} &= \frac{45{,}000\times0.7}{83\times1.20} = 315.5 \\ s_1 &= 1.15\times315.5-2.5\times53 = 230 \\ s_2 &= 0.92\times315.5 = 290 \\ s_{max} &= \min(s_1,\,s_2) = \boxed{\mathbf{230}\ \text{mm}} \\ s &= \frac{b-2c_c-d_b}{n-1} = \frac{400-2\times53-25.4}{3-1} = 134\ \le\ s_{max}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
2.6.7 (2.6.7-1)
$$ s\le\min\!\left(1.15\frac{C_b E_f w}{f_{fs}}-2.5c_c,\ 0.92\frac{C_b E_f w}{f_{fs}}\right) $$
$w$ = 0.028 in ๊ณ ์ •
$c_c\le$ 2 in + $d_b/2$
โ†— w = 0.028 in
$$\begin{aligned}\frac{C_b\,E_f w}{f_{fs}} &= \frac{0.83\times45{,}000\times0.7}{83} = 314.2 \\ s_1 &= 1.15\times314.2-2.5\times53 = 229 \\ s_2 &= 0.92\times314.2 = 289 \\ s_{max} &= \min(s_1,\,s_2) = \boxed{\mathbf{229}\ \text{mm}} \\ s &= \frac{b-2c_c-d_b}{n-1} = \frac{400-2\times53-25.4}{3-1} = 134\ \le\ s_{max}\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
์‚ฌ์šฉ์‘๋ ฅ ํ•œ๊ณ„
์‘๋ ฅ, ํ”ผ๋ณต ์ œํ•œ
ํ•ด๋‹น ์—†์Œ
RC ํ•ด๋‹น ์—†์Œ (๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ์ œํ•œ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ท ์—ดํญ ์ œ์–ด)
4.4.1.1(2) (4.4-2)
$$ f_{fs}\le\frac{0.36E_f}{d_c\beta_{cr}k_b} $$
$d_c$ = ์ธ์žฅ์—ฐ๋‹จโ€“์ตœ์™ธ์ธก ๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ
$\beta_{cr}=(h-kd)/(d-kd)$
0.36 mm = 0.014 in (= $w/2$) ํ™˜์‚ฐ
$$\begin{aligned}\beta_{cr} &= \frac{h-kd}{d-kd} = \frac{600-100.7}{509-100.7} = 1.223 \\ d_c &= c_c+d_b/2 = 65.7\ \text{mm} \\ f_{fs,lim} &= \frac{0.36E_f}{d_c\beta_{cr}k_b} = \frac{0.36\times45{,}000}{65.7\times1.223\times1.20} = \boxed{\mathbf{168}\ \text{MPa}} \\ f_{fs} &= 83\ \le\ 168\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
5.5.2(4) (5.5-2)
$$ d_c\le\frac{C_b E_f w}{2f_{fs}\beta} $$
๋™์น˜: $f_{fs}\le C_b\,E_f w/(2d_c\beta)$
$$\begin{aligned}\beta_{cr} &= \frac{h-kd}{d-kd} = \frac{600-100.7}{509-100.7} = 1.223 \\ d_c &= c_c+d_b/2 = 65.7\ \text{mm} \\ d_{c,lim} &= \frac{C_b\,E_f w}{2f_{fs}\beta} = \frac{0.83\times45{,}000\times0.7}{2\times83\times1.223} = \boxed{\mathbf{128.8}\ \text{mm}} \\ d_c &= 65.7\ \le\ 128.8\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
7.3.1 (7.3.1b)
$$ d_c\le\frac{E_f w}{2f_{fs}\beta k_b} $$
$$\begin{aligned}\beta_{cr} &= \frac{h-kd}{d-kd} = \frac{600-103.8}{509-103.8} = 1.225 \\ d_c &= c_c+d_b/2 = 65.7\ \text{mm} \\ d_{c,lim} &= \frac{E_fw}{2f_{fs}\beta k_b} = \frac{45{,}000\times0.7}{2\times83\times1.225\times1.40} = \boxed{\mathbf{110.4}\ \text{mm}} \\ d_c &= 65.7\ \le\ 110.4\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
24.3.2.2 (24.3.2.2)
$$ f_{fs}\le\frac{0.014E_f}{d_c\beta_{cr}k_b}\ [\text{in}] $$
0.014 in = $w/2$ โ†’ SI 0.36 mm (KDS 14 20 68 (4.4-2)์™€ ๋™์ผ)
$$\begin{aligned}\beta_{cr} &= \frac{h-kd}{d-kd} = \frac{600-103.8}{509-103.8} = 1.225 \\ d_c &= c_c+d_b/2 = 65.7\ \text{mm} \\ f_{fs,lim} &= \frac{0.36E_f}{d_c\beta_{cr}k_b} = \frac{0.36\times45{,}000}{65.7\times1.225\times1.20} = \boxed{\mathbf{168}\ \text{MPa}} \\ f_{fs} &= 83\ \le\ 168\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
2.6.7 (2.6.7-2)
$$ d_c\le\frac{C_b E_f w}{2f_{fs}\beta} $$
$$\begin{aligned}\beta_{cr} &= \frac{h-kd}{d-kd} = \frac{600-103.8}{509-103.8} = 1.225 \\ d_c &= c_c+d_b/2 = 65.7\ \text{mm} \\ d_{c,lim} &= \frac{C_b\,E_f w}{2f_{fs}\beta} = \frac{0.83\times45{,}000\times0.7}{2\times83\times1.225} = \boxed{\mathbf{128.3}\ \text{mm}} \\ d_c &= 65.7\ \le\ 128.3\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
ํ—ˆ์šฉ๊ท ์—ดํญ $w$
๋ถ€์ฐฉ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ $k_b$, $C_b$
$$ \kappa_{cr}=280\ (\text{๊ฑด์กฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ})\ /\ 210\ (\text{๊ทธ ์™ธ}) $$
๊ท ์—ดํญ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋…ธ์ถœ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ $\kappa_{cr}$๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ์ œ์–ด
$$\begin{aligned}\kappa_{cr} &= 280\ (\text{๊ฑด์กฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ})\end{aligned}$$
$$ k_b=1.2,\qquad w_a=0.7\ \text{mm} $$
$$\begin{aligned}k_b &= 1.20 \\ w &= 0.7\ \text{mm}\end{aligned}$$
$$ C_b=0.83\ (\equiv1/k_b),\qquad w=0.7\ \text{mm} $$
KS F ISO 10406-1 ์‹œํ—˜๊ฐ’์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๊ฐ’
$$\begin{aligned}C_b &= 0.83\ (k_b = 1/C_b = 1.20) \\ w &= 0.7\ \text{mm}\end{aligned}$$
$$ k_b=1.4\ (\text{์‹œํ—˜๊ฐ’ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ}),\qquad w=0.4\text{โ€“}0.7\ \text{mm} $$
์‹ค์ธก $k_b$ 0.60โ€“1.72 (ํ‰๊ท  1.10)
$$\begin{aligned}k_b &= 1.40 \\ w &= 0.7\ \text{mm}\end{aligned}$$
$$ k_b=1.2,\qquad w=0.028\ \text{in}\ (0.71\ \text{mm}) $$
$$\begin{aligned}k_b &= 1.20 \\ w &= 0.7\ \text{mm}\end{aligned}$$
$$ C_b=0.83,\qquad w=0.028\ \text{in} $$
$$\begin{aligned}C_b &= 0.83\ (k_b = 1/C_b = 1.20) \\ w &= 0.7\ \text{mm}\end{aligned}$$
์œ ํšจ๋‹จ๋ฉด2์ฐจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ
$I_e$
4.2.1(3) (4.2-1)
$$ I_e=\left(\frac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^3 I_g+\left[1-\left(\frac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^3\right]I_{cr}\ \le I_g $$
Branson
$$\begin{aligned}\left(\tfrac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^3 &= \left(\tfrac{82.8}{120}\right)^3 = 0.3287 \\ I_e &= 0.3287\times7{,}200 + (1-0.3287)\times3{,}161 = \boxed{\mathbf{4{,}489}\ \text{ร—10โถ mmโด}} \\ \frac{I_e}{I_g} &= \mathbf{0.623}\end{aligned}$$
4.4.2.2(4) (4.4-3)(4.4-4)
$$ I_e=\frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\frac{0.8M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\frac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]}\ (M_a>0.8M_{cr}),\quad \gamma=1.72-0.72\frac{0.8M_{cr}}{M_a} $$
Bischoff + $0.8M_{cr}$ (ACI 440.11 ๊ณ„๋ณด)
$M_a\le0.8M_{cr}$ ์ด๋ฉด $I_g$
$$\begin{aligned}\gamma &= 1.72-0.72\left(\tfrac{0.8M_{cr}}{M_a}\right) = 1.72-0.72\times0.552 = 1.322 \\ I_e &= \frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\tfrac{0.8M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\tfrac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]} = \frac{964}{1-1.322\times0.552^2\times(1-0.134)} \\ &= \boxed{\mathbf{1{,}482}\ \text{ร—10โถ mmโด}} \\ \frac{I_e}{I_g} &= \mathbf{0.206}\end{aligned}$$
5.5.3.3(2) (5.5-3)(5.5-4)
$$ I_e=\frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\frac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\frac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]}\le I_g\ (M_a\ge M_{cr}),\quad \gamma=1.72-0.72\frac{M_{cr}}{M_a} $$
Bischoff
0.8 ์—†์Œ (AASHTO ๊ณ„๋ณด)
$$\begin{aligned}\gamma &= 1.72-0.72\left(\tfrac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right) = 1.72-0.72\times0.690 = 1.223 \\ I_e &= \frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\tfrac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\tfrac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]} = \frac{964}{1-1.223\times0.690^2\times(1-0.134)} \\ &= \boxed{\mathbf{1{,}946}\ \text{ร—10โถ mmโด}} \\ \frac{I_e}{I_g} &= \mathbf{0.270}\end{aligned}$$
7.3.2.2 (7.3.2.2c)
$$ I_e=\frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\frac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\frac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]}\le I_g,\quad \gamma=1.72-0.72\frac{M_{cr}}{M_a} $$
$$\begin{aligned}\gamma &= 1.72-0.72\left(\tfrac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right) = 1.72-0.72\times0.679 = 1.231 \\ I_e &= \frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\tfrac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\tfrac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]} = \frac{1{,}022}{1-1.231\times0.679^2\times(1-0.142)} \\ &= \boxed{\mathbf{1{,}992}\ \text{ร—10โถ mmโด}} \\ \frac{I_e}{I_g} &= \mathbf{0.277}\end{aligned}$$
$$ I_e=\frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\frac{0.8M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\frac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]}\ (M_a>0.8M_{cr}),\quad \gamma=1.72-0.72\frac{0.8M_{cr}}{M_a} $$
$M_a\le0.8M_{cr}$: $I_g$
0.8 = ๊ตฌ์†
์ˆ˜์ถ•์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ท ์—ด ๊ฐ์•ˆ (R24.2.3.5)
$$\begin{aligned}\gamma &= 1.72-0.72\left(\tfrac{0.8M_{cr}}{M_a}\right) = 1.72-0.72\times0.543 = 1.329 \\ I_e &= \frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\tfrac{0.8M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\tfrac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]} = \frac{1{,}022}{1-1.329\times0.543^2\times(1-0.142)} \\ &= \boxed{\mathbf{1{,}540}\ \text{ร—10โถ mmโด}} \\ \frac{I_e}{I_g} &= \mathbf{0.214}\end{aligned}$$
2.6.3.4.2 (2.6.3.4.2-1)(2.6.3.4.2-3)
$$ I_e=\frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma_d\left(\frac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left(1-\frac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right)}\le I_g,\quad \gamma_d=1.72-0.72\frac{M_{cr}}{M_a} $$
$$\begin{aligned}\gamma &= 1.72-0.72\left(\tfrac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right) = 1.72-0.72\times0.690 = 1.223 \\ I_e &= \frac{I_{cr}}{1-\gamma\left(\tfrac{M_{cr}}{M_a}\right)^2\left[1-\tfrac{I_{cr}}{I_g}\right]} = \frac{1{,}022}{1-1.223\times0.690^2\times(1-0.142)} \\ &= \boxed{\mathbf{2{,}043}\ \text{ร—10โถ mmโด}} \\ \frac{I_e}{I_g} &= \mathbf{0.284}\end{aligned}$$
์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ฒ˜์ง $\Delta_i$
ํ—ˆ์šฉ์ฒ˜์ง
4.2.1(2)(3)(6) ํ‘œ 4.2-2
$$ \Delta_i=K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e},\qquad \Delta_L\le\frac{L}{360} $$
ํƒ„์„ฑ์ฒ˜์ง๊ณต์‹ ($K$ = ๋‹จ์ˆœ 5/48
์บ”ํ‹ธ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„ 1/4 โ€ฆ)
ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ฒ˜์ง ํ•œ๊ณ„
$$\begin{aligned}\Delta_i &= K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e} = 0.1042\times\frac{120\times10^6\times6^2}{27{,}537\times4{,}489\times10^6} = 3.64\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_{sus} &= 0.60\times3.64 = 2.18 \\ \Delta_L &= \Delta_i-\Delta_{sus} = \boxed{\mathbf{1.46}\ \text{mm}} \\ \Delta_L &\ \le\ L/360 = 16.7\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
$$ \Delta_i=K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e},\qquad \Delta_L\le\frac{L}{360} $$
ํ•œ๊ณ„ โ†’ KDS 14 20 30 ํ‘œ 4.2-2
$$\begin{aligned}\Delta_i &= K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e} = 0.1042\times\frac{120\times10^6\times6^2}{27{,}537\times1{,}482\times10^6} = 11.03\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_{sus} &= 0.60\times11.03 = 6.62 \\ \Delta_L &= \Delta_i-\Delta_{sus} = \boxed{\mathbf{4.41}\ \text{mm}} \\ \Delta_L &\ \le\ L/360 = 16.7\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
$$ \Delta_i=K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e},\qquad \Delta_L\le\frac{L}{360} $$
ํ•œ๊ณ„ โ†’ KDS 14 20 30 4.2(7)
ํ‘œ 4.2-2 (๋ฐœ์ฃผ์ž ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ)
$$\begin{aligned}\Delta_i &= K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e} = 0.1042\times\frac{120\times10^6\times6^2}{27{,}537\times1{,}946\times10^6} = 8.40\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_{sus} &= 0.60\times8.40 = 5.04 \\ \Delta_L &= \Delta_i-\Delta_{sus} = \boxed{\mathbf{3.36}\ \text{mm}} \\ \Delta_L &\ \le\ L/360 = 16.7\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
$$ \Delta_i=K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e} $$
ํ•œ๊ณ„ = ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฒ•๊ทœ / ACI 318 Table 9.5(b)
$$\begin{aligned}\Delta_i &= K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e} = 0.1042\times\frac{120\times10^6\times6^2}{25{,}743\times1{,}992\times10^6} = 8.77\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_{sus} &= 0.60\times8.77 = 5.26 \\ \Delta_L &= \Delta_i-\Delta_{sus} = \boxed{\mathbf{3.51}\ \text{mm}} \\ \Delta_L &\ \le\ L/360 = 16.7\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
24.2.2, 24.2.3.1 ํ‘œ 24.2.2
$$ \Delta_i=K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e},\qquad \Delta_L\le\frac{\ell}{360} $$
์ตœ์†Œ๋‘๊ป˜๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ถˆํ—ˆ
๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ (R24.2.2)
$$\begin{aligned}\Delta_i &= K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e} = 0.1042\times\frac{120\times10^6\times6^2}{25{,}743\times1{,}540\times10^6} = 11.35\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_{sus} &= 0.60\times11.35 = 6.81 \\ \Delta_L &= \Delta_i-\Delta_{sus} = \boxed{\mathbf{4.54}\ \text{mm}} \\ \Delta_L &\ \le\ L/360 = 16.7\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
$$ \Delta_i=K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e} $$
ํ•œ๊ณ„ = AASHTO LRFD 2.5.2.6.2 (์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ $L$/800
๋ณด๋„ $L$/1000)
$$\begin{aligned}\Delta_i &= K\frac{M_a L^2}{E_c I_e} = 0.1042\times\frac{120\times10^6\times6^2}{25{,}743\times2{,}043\times10^6} = 8.56\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_{sus} &= 0.60\times8.56 = 5.13 \\ \Delta_L &= \Delta_i-\Delta_{sus} = \boxed{\mathbf{3.42}\ \text{mm}} \\ \Delta_L &\ \le\ L/360 = 16.7\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
์žฅ๊ธฐ์ฒ˜์ง
$\lambda_\Delta$
4.2.1(5) (4.2-4)
$$ \lambda_\Delta=\frac{\xi}{1+50\rho'},\qquad \xi=2.0\,(5\text{๋…„}),\ 1.4,\ 1.2,\ 1.0 $$
$\Delta_{lt}=\lambda_\Delta\Delta_{sus}$
ํ•ฉ๊ณ„ $\Delta_L+\Delta_{lt}\le \frac{L}{240}$
$$\begin{aligned}\lambda_\Delta &= \frac{\xi}{1+50\rho'} = \frac{2}{1+50\times0} = 2.00 \\ \Delta_{lt} &= \lambda_\Delta\Delta_{sus} = 2.00\times2.18 = 4.37\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_L+\Delta_{lt} &= 1.46+4.37 = \boxed{\mathbf{5.83}\ \text{mm}}\ \le\ L/240 = 25.0\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
4.4.2.3(1) (4.4-8)
$$ \lambda_\Delta=0.6\,\xi $$
ฮพ โ†’ KDS 14 20 30 4.2.1(5)
์••์ถ•๋ณด๊ฐ•๊ทผ ๋ฌด์‹œ
$$\begin{aligned}\lambda_\Delta &= 0.6\,\xi = 0.6\times2 = 1.20 \\ \Delta_{lt} &= \lambda_\Delta\Delta_{sus} = 1.20\times6.62 = 7.94\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_L+\Delta_{lt} &= 4.41+7.94 = \boxed{\mathbf{12.35}\ \text{mm}}\ \le\ L/240 = 25.0\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
5.5.3.4(1) (5.5-6)
$$ \Delta_{(cp+sh)}=0.6\,\xi\,(\Delta_i)_{sus} $$
ฮพ = 2.0(5๋…„)
1.4
1.2
1.0
$$\begin{aligned}\lambda_\Delta &= 0.6\,\xi = 0.6\times2 = 1.20 \\ \Delta_{lt} &= \lambda_\Delta\Delta_{sus} = 1.20\times5.04 = 6.05\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_L+\Delta_{lt} &= 3.36+6.05 = \boxed{\mathbf{9.40}\ \text{mm}}\ \le\ L/240 = 25.0\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
7.3.2.3 (7.3.2.3a)(7.3.2.3c)
$$ \Delta_{(cp+sh)}=0.6\,\xi\,(\Delta_i)_{sus} $$
0.6 = Brown(1997) ์‹ค์ธก ๋ณด์ •
$$\begin{aligned}\lambda_\Delta &= 0.6\,\xi = 0.6\times2 = 1.20 \\ \Delta_{lt} &= \lambda_\Delta\Delta_{sus} = 1.20\times5.26 = 6.32\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_L+\Delta_{lt} &= 3.51+6.32 = \boxed{\mathbf{9.83}\ \text{mm}}\ \le\ L/240 = 25.0\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
24.2.4.1.1, 24.2.4.1.3 (24.2.4.1.1)
$$ \lambda_\Delta=0.6\,\xi $$
ฮพ ํ‘œ 24.2.4.1.3 = 1.0/1.2/1.4/2.0
$$\begin{aligned}\lambda_\Delta &= 0.6\,\xi = 0.6\times2 = 1.20 \\ \Delta_{lt} &= \lambda_\Delta\Delta_{sus} = 1.20\times6.81 = 8.17\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_L+\Delta_{lt} &= 4.54+8.17 = \boxed{\mathbf{12.71}\ \text{mm}}\ \le\ L/240 = 25.0\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
$$ \Delta_{lt}=\Delta_i\times\begin{cases}4.0 & (I_g\ \text{๊ธฐ์ค€})\\ 3.0 & (I_e\ \text{๊ธฐ์ค€})\end{cases} $$
0.6ฮพ ์•„๋‹˜
์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ถ„ = (๋ฐฐ์œจโˆ’1)ร—$\Delta_{sus}$ = 2.0ฮ”_sus (2026-08-30 ์›๋ฌธ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •
์ด์ „์—” 0.6ฮพ)
$$\begin{aligned}\text{๋ฐฐ์œจ} &= 3.0\ (I_e\ \text{๊ธฐ์ค€})\ \to\ \lambda_\Delta = 3.0-1 = 2.0 \\ \Delta_{lt} &= \lambda_\Delta\Delta_{sus} = 2.00\times5.13 = 10.27\ \text{mm} \\ \Delta_L+\Delta_{lt} &= 3.42+10.27 = \boxed{\mathbf{13.69}\ \text{mm}}\ \le\ L/240 = 25.0\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
์ง€์† ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‘๋ ฅ
$f_{fs,sus}$
ํ•ด๋‹น ์—†์Œ
RC ํ•ด๋‹น ์—†์Œ
4.4.3(1) (4.4-9)
$$ f_{fs,sus}=M_{s,sus}\frac{n_f d(1-k_{cr})}{I_{cr}}\ \le\ 0.30f_{fu} $$
$$\begin{aligned}M_{s,sus} &= 0.60\times120 = 72.0\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m} \\ f_{fs,sus} &= \frac{M_{s,sus}\,n_f\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \boxed{\mathbf{50}\ \text{MPa}} \\ &\ \le\ 0.30f_{fu} = 0.30\times850 = 255\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
4.3(2) (4.3-1)(4.3-2)
$$ f_{fs,sus}\le0.30f_{fu} $$
์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๊ณ„์ƒํƒœ ํ•˜์ค‘์กฐํ•ฉ I
ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘๊ณ„์ˆ˜ 1.0โ†’0.2
$$\begin{aligned}M_{s,sus} &= 0.60\times120 = 72.0\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m} \\ f_{fs,sus} &= \frac{M_{s,sus}\,n_f\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \boxed{\mathbf{50}\ \text{MPa}} \\ &\ \le\ 0.30f_{fu} = 0.30\times800 = 240\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
$$ f_{fs,sus}\le0.20f_{fu}\ (\text{GFRP}),\ 0.30\ (\text{AFRP}),\ 0.55\ (\text{CFRP}) $$
1์„ธ๋Œ€ GFRP ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ (๋ณด์ˆ˜์ )
$$\begin{aligned}M_{s,sus} &= 0.60\times120 = 72.0\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m} \\ f_{fs,sus} &= \frac{M_{s,sus}\,n_f\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \boxed{\mathbf{50}\ \text{MPa}} \\ &\ \le\ 0.20f_{fu} = 0.20\times800 = 160\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
$$ f_{fs,sus}\le0.30f_{fu} $$
R24.6.2: ์ตœ์‹  GFRP ์‹œํ—˜์œผ๋กœ 0.20โ†’0.30 ์ƒํ–ฅ
$$\begin{aligned}M_{s,sus} &= 0.60\times120 = 72.0\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m} \\ f_{fs,sus} &= \frac{M_{s,sus}\,n_f\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \boxed{\mathbf{50}\ \text{MPa}} \\ &\ \le\ 0.30f_{fu} = 0.30\times850 = 255\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
2.5.3 (2.5.3-1)
$$ f_{f,s}\le C_c f_{fd},\qquad C_c=0.30 $$
Service I
ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘๊ณ„์ˆ˜ 1.0โ†’0.2
$$\begin{aligned}M_{s,sus} &= 0.60\times120 = 72.0\ \text{kN}\cdot\text{m} \\ f_{fs,sus} &= \frac{M_{s,sus}\,n_f\,d(1-k)}{I_{cr}} = \boxed{\mathbf{50}\ \text{MPa}} \\ &\ \le\ 0.30f_{fu} = 0.30\times800 = 240\ \ \color{#0a8a2a}{\checkmark\ \textbf{OK}}\end{aligned}$$
์ตœ์†Œ ๋‘๊ป˜ (์ฐธ๊ณ )
4.2.1(1) ํ‘œ 4.2-1
$$ h_{min}=\frac{L}{16}\ (\text{๋ณด, ๋‹จ์ˆœ์ง€์ง€}),\ \ \frac{L}{20}\ (\text{1๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ}) $$
๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ์ƒ๋žต ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
$f_y\ne400$: ร—(0.43+$f_y$/700)
$$\begin{aligned}h_{min} &= \frac{L}{16} = 0\ \text{mm}\ \le\ h = 600\ \to\ \text{์ฒ˜์ง ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ์ƒ๋žต ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ}\end{aligned}$$
ํ•ด๋‹น ์—†์Œ
์ตœ์†Œ๋‘๊ป˜ ๊ทœ์ • ์—†์Œ
์ง์ ‘ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ
5.5.3.2 ํ‘œ 5.5-1
$$ h_{min}=\frac{L}{10}\ (\text{๋ณด}),\ \ \frac{L}{13}\ (\text{์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ})\ \ \text{๋‹จ์ˆœ์ง€์ง€} $$
์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋‹จ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์ •์šฉ
์ฒ˜์ง ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๋งŒ์กฑ ์‹œ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”
$$\begin{aligned}h_{min} &= \frac{L}{10} = 1\ \text{mm}\ \le\ h = 600\ (\text{์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ •์šฉ})\end{aligned}$$
7.3.2.1 Table 7.3.2.1
$$ h_{min}=\frac{\ell}{10}\ (\text{๋ณด}),\ \ \frac{\ell}{13}\ (\text{์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ})\ \ \text{๋‹จ์ˆœ์ง€์ง€} $$
๊ถŒ์žฅ๊ฐ’(โ„“/240
ฯ=3ฯ_fb ๊ฐ€์ •)
์ฒ˜์ง ๋งŒ์กฑ ๋ณด์žฅ ์•„๋‹˜
$$\begin{aligned}h_{min} &= \frac{L}{10} = 1\ \text{mm}\ \le\ h = 600\ (\text{์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ •์šฉ})\end{aligned}$$
์ตœ์†Œ๋‘๊ป˜ ๊ทœ์ • ์—†์Œ
๊ณ„์‚ฐ ์ฒ˜์ง์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ
ํ•ด๋‹น ์—†์Œ
๊ทœ์ • ์—†์Œ (LRFD 2.5.2.6.3 ์ฐธ๊ณ )
$$\begin{aligned}h_{min} &= \frac{L}{10} = 1\ \text{mm}\ \le\ h = 600\ (\text{์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ •์šฉ})\end{aligned}$$
์ด ์•ฑ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ
์›๋ฌธ ๋ˆˆ๋Œ€์กฐ (14 20 30 4.2.1, ํ‘œ 4.2-1, 2, 14 20 20 4.2.3) + ์†๊ณ„์‚ฐ
โœ” 2์ฐจ ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ 300์ผ€์ด์Šค ร— 32,700ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋Œ€์กฐ ์ผ์น˜ (verify_service_independent.py, 0.2%)
์ด ๋Œ€์กฐ๋กœ $k_{b}$ ์ง์ ‘ ์ž…๋ ฅ ์‹œ $C_{b}$ ๋ฏธ์—ฐ๋™ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ, ์ˆ˜์ •
์›๋ฌธ ๋ˆˆ๋Œ€์กฐ (4.4.1.1, 4.4.2.2, 3, 4.4.3, ์‹ (4.4-1)โ€“(4.4-9))
0.94 ์ƒํ•œ, $0.8M_{cr}$, 0.36 ํ™•์ธ
โœ” 2์ฐจ ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ 300์ผ€์ด์Šค ร— 32,700ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋Œ€์กฐ ์ผ์น˜ (verify_service_independent.py, 0.2%)
์ด ๋Œ€์กฐ๋กœ $k_{b}$ ์ง์ ‘ ์ž…๋ ฅ ์‹œ $C_{b}$ ๋ฏธ์—ฐ๋™ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ, ์ˆ˜์ •
์›๋ฌธ ๋ˆˆ๋Œ€์กฐ (4.3, 5.5.2, 5.5.3, ์‹ (4.3-1)โ€“(4.3-4), (5.5-1)โ€“(5.5-6), ํ‘œ 5.5-1)
โœ” 2์ฐจ ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ 300์ผ€์ด์Šค ร— 32,700ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋Œ€์กฐ ์ผ์น˜ (verify_service_independent.py, 0.2%)
์ด ๋Œ€์กฐ๋กœ $k_{b}$ ์ง์ ‘ ์ž…๋ ฅ ์‹œ $C_{b}$ ๋ฏธ์—ฐ๋™ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ, ์ˆ˜์ •
์„ค๊ณ„์˜ˆ์ œ 1M, 2M(SI) ๋Œ€์กฐ ํ†ต๊ณผ(verify_engine.py) + ์›๋ฌธ (7.3.1a,b), (7.3.2.2aโ€“d), (7.3.2.3aโ€“c), (7.4.1), ํ‘œ 7.4.1
โœ” 2์ฐจ ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ 300์ผ€์ด์Šค ร— 32,700ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋Œ€์กฐ ์ผ์น˜ (verify_service_independent.py, 0.2%)
์ด ๋Œ€์กฐ๋กœ $k_{b}$ ์ง์ ‘ ์ž…๋ ฅ ์‹œ $C_{b}$ ๋ฏธ์—ฐ๋™ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ, ์ˆ˜์ •
์Šค์บ” ์›๋ฌธ ๋ˆˆ๋Œ€์กฐ (ํ‘œ 24.2.2, 24.2.3.5, 24.2.4.1.1, 1.3, 24.3.2, 2.2, 2.3, 24.6.1, 6.2)
0.032/0.026/0.014 in = 1.15w/0.92w/w, ยฝ
โœ” 2์ฐจ ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ 300์ผ€์ด์Šค ร— 32,700ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋Œ€์กฐ ์ผ์น˜ (verify_service_independent.py, 0.2%)
์ด ๋Œ€์กฐ๋กœ $k_{b}$ ์ง์ ‘ ์ž…๋ ฅ ์‹œ $C_{b}$ ๋ฏธ์—ฐ๋™ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ, ์ˆ˜์ •
์Šค์บ” ์›๋ฌธ ๋ˆˆ๋Œ€์กฐ (2.5.3, 2.6.3.4.2, 2.6.7) โ†’ $f_{r}$ 0.63, ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฐ์œจ 3.0/4.0 ๋ฐ˜์˜ (2026-08-30 ์ˆ˜์ • 2๊ฑด)
โœ” 2์ฐจ ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ 300์ผ€์ด์Šค ร— 32,700ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋Œ€์กฐ ์ผ์น˜ (verify_service_independent.py, 0.2%)
์ด ๋Œ€์กฐ๋กœ $k_{b}$ ์ง์ ‘ ์ž…๋ ฅ ์‹œ $C_{b}$ ๋ฏธ์—ฐ๋™ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ, ์ˆ˜์ •